Category Archive for Other

What is the right dose?

In theory, everyone is the same except, obviously, they are not. Let’s start with age. Seniors may be physically active but, look inside, and you will find their liver and kidneys are not working as well as in days gone by. This means it takes longer for impurities to be filtered out of the blood. For these purposes, drugs are impurities. So, when an older person takes any medication, it’s processed through the stomach into the bloodstream and then circulates for longer. This means an older patient must either take a smaller dose or the time between doses must be longer. If such simple steps are not taken, it’s easy for older people to have peaks of drug concentration close to overdose levels. Adverse side effects are more common.

At the other end of the age scale, most drugs are not tested on children and young adults. It’s not considered ethical to expose underdeveloped human bodies to the risk of injury unless there’s a clearly identified need. As a result, doctors are often left guessing whether to risk prescribing drugs and opting for the lowest possible doses. Now we come to the politically incorrect question of body weight. Without getting into the speed of your body’s metabolism, thin people should receive smaller dose than those carrying more weight. Doctors often use a formula relating grams to pounds of weight.

A further difficulty is that pain is very subjective. Some people seem to be able to accept levels of discomfort that would have others rolling on the floor in agony. This is partly physical and partly psychological. As we grow up, we learn from our parents and peers how we are supposed to react when injured. Boys are supposed to be tough. It’s OK for girls to cry. Stereotypes are difficult to shake. This makes it very difficult to assess how much pain anyone is feeling. All a doctor can do is ask and try to place the answer on a scale of 1 to 10 where 10 is the worst pain imaginable. The louder the complaint, the higher the dose or the stronger the drug. For the doctor, it’s all trial and error until the patient admits to feeling less pain. Against this background, it’s interesting to see some new research into using a new technique on an MRI scanner to measure pain. Arterial spin seems to show changes in the parts of the brain associated with pain. If this research can map the brain to show more precisely which part of the brain to monitor, it may be possible to produce a more objective method for measuring pain.

This would have immediate benefits for the patient, always giving the right dose. It would also be good for society because it would reduce the risk of drug abuse. As it is, patients who are developing a dependence can exaggerate their reports of pain and get additional tablets to feed their habit. This is less of a problem for drugs like Tramadol which are significantly less addictive than the opiates. But even Tramadol can be abused if people take it for too long at too high a dosage. No matter what the diagnosis, it’s always better to have the right dosage for your age and physical size.

Litigation in the US

Every time we come to elections, you probably notice how attorneys are suddenly being debated. The GOP claims they are the spawn of the Devil. Their sole purpose in life is to put all businesses into an early grave. The theme is simple. Every mistake can be evidence of negligence and, without tort reform, we will all suffer. The Democrats sing the song that attorneys are the only thing standing between consumers and predatory businesses. This highlights two quite separate but important problems. First, we have become a very litigious society. If anything goes wrong and we have the money (or are insured), the first reaction to any loss is to blame others and sue them. Consequently, we have one of the most active court systems in the world. Second, there’s a real shortage of adequate laws to protect consumers. This encourages everyone to sue using the law of tort and there we get into long-running cases where attorneys make a lot of money.

Let’s move over to New Jersey where a case has just finished against Roche for their acne treatment. Three claims were heard together. They alleged the drug had caused serious ulcerative colitis. You probably read about this because several Hollywood celebrities were involved as plaintiff and witnesses. The result was a 2 to 1 win for Roche with two of the claims being dismissed by the jury. In reporting this, we can gloss over the fact there are some three-thousand similar claims outstanding. There’s a bandwagon effect. Once word goes around that there’s one claim, other plaintiffs suddenly appear. No matter what the merits of these claims, there are some instructive lessons from other countries.

In Europe, only a qualified dermatologist can prescribe this drug, and he or she is directly responsible for monitoring the progress of the treatment. Patients are usually required to attend the clinic or hospital once a month for a check-up. This ensures a lower risk the drug will be abused by the patients. There’s evidence US patients want the cure now and not tomorrow, so they decide to increase the dosage or extend the period of treatment. Without proper supervision, the drug can therefore cause more damage. The fact there are warnings in the literature given out with every prescription is not helpful. Few people ever read them from start to finish. In New Zealand, there’s very clear research evidence showing low dosages are safe and effective. Such evidence is unlikely to affect the behavior of our teens who are determined to have perfect skin no matter what the cost.

There are always risks of adverse side effects when people abuse drugs. Accutane is a powerful drug and it can damage your body if you take too high a dose or take the recommended dose for too long. Unfortunately, we blame others when we injure ourselves. The fact Roche gives a warning about intestinal and bowel risks is brushed aside. We should only be limited in our claims if the manufacturer can show we actually knew of the risks. Now you see why the GOP thinks attorneys should be locked away. They confuse a simple truth. Accutane is safe so long as you follow the rules.

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What price hair?

There are times when life put you to hard choices. Yes, it’s unfair. But no one said life had to be fair. Let’s take the second worst thing that can happen to a man. You start noticing there’s more hair than usual getting caught up in the drain to the shower. You look suspiciously in the mirror. Is that? Could that be? You ask family who never really look at each other unless someone asks. They think you might be starting to lose your hair. You protest you’re only thirty-something. They smile understandingly, laugh until they see your expression, offer fake sympathy and lend you a baseball cap. So you do a little research and discover there are apparently some hair loss drugs that actually work. The FDA has given its approval so that must mean something. It’s strange the best should be a treatment to slow down growths in the prostate but, if it works, who cares. You look vaguely at the piece of paper with the small print that comes with these little tablets. It says this is a safe treatment with little risk.

Several months later, you begin to experience erectile dysfunction. This has never happened before. You wonder whether this could be a side effect of the hair loss drug. Surely this would be mentioned in the small print if it was a problem. Your hair loss seems to have stopped. You’re not sure what to do. Eventually, you ask a doctor. The advice is clear. Stop taking the drug. You are lucky. You asked the question early. Men who keep going with the hair loss drug can find the erectile dysfunction becomes a more permanent problem even when they stop. How do we know this?

In 2006, the Swedish medical regulators began investigating reports of erectile dysfunction. As a result of this initial work, more European countries have been gathering evidence and the manufacturer has been forced to change its labels to include a very clear warning that the erectile dysfunction may continue even though the use of the drug is stopped. This gives all men a better chance of deciding which is more important in their lives. Perhaps it should not surprise us the FDA has not been investigating and the manufacturer has not changed the label in the US. As a result, a number of men have now begun legal action, claiming their lives have been destroyed because their erectile dysfunction has become permanent.

All of which brings us to another myth. There are limits to the power of Cialis and the other erectile dysfunction drugs. They cannot cure all cases of erectile dysfunction. In this case, the damage caused by the hair loss drug is so severe, there’s no help for the men affected. What make this case so hard is the failure of the FDA to follow the lead of the European regulators in forcing a warning on to the label. Perhaps we have become used to the FDA bowing down to Big Pharma and take no notice of yet another instance of people being injured unnecessarily by drugs approved by the FDA. If you have been taking this drug and now have the first signs of erectile dysfunction, stop immediately and start using Cialis. Hopefully, your erections will return.

Levitra and the risk of heart disease

There’s no doubt that men are very embarrassed by the reality of erectile dysfunction and the majority refuse to admit it, even to their doctors. This is less of a problem than it used to be given the development of the online pharmacies. Now the men affected can at least buy some relief and preserve their privacy. Unfortunately, this also increases the risk of heart disease developing unchecked. The preventative treatment is cheap and very effective. If younger men were more prepared to consult their doctors when erectile dysfunction first becomes an obvious problem, more lives would be saved.

There are two different responses to this. If the evidence of the linkage between erectile dysfunction and heart disease is so clear, can we persuade men to come in for testing? One of the most impressive pieces of evidence comes from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study which followed the health of some 1700 men over a ten-year period from 1987. Although dysfunction does grow more common as men age, the clearest linkage was between high levels of cholesterol and blood pressure, diabetes and smoking where the risk of heart disease increased by a factor of four. If more than one factor was present, the linkage rose. Other studies have shown that carrying excess body weight is also a significant contributor. Similar results have been produced in studies looking at the incidence of prostate cancer in which studies over longer periods of time showed the risk of a heart attack rising by between 25 and 45% depending on age. This evidence has been openly discussed over the last ten years and the number of men asking for a tests for heart disease based on their dysfunction has fallen.

The medical profession has therefore decided to be more proactive. If you come in for a consult and your cholesterol levels are high, you have blood pressure problems, you have diabetes or you smoke, the doctor is likely to ask you whether you have sexual problems. Now it’s always open to you to lie but think carefully before you do. The younger you are, the greater the risk of a stroke or heart attack within five years of the first signs of sexual problems. The sooner you start on a program of calcium-channel blockers, diuretics, beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors the better your chances of survival. So it’s really in your interests to be completely honest. Once you are shown to be at risk, it makes no sense to deny yourself the treatment that can save your life (and keep your sex life going as well).

As the most powerful of the three drugs prescribed to treat erectile dysfunction, you may find Levitra the best choice. It gives you the strongest response at the lowest dose. The lower the dose, the less the problems of interaction with the other drugs necessary to treat the symptoms of heart disease. So, do yourself a favor and approach all questions of erectile dysfunction with honesty. The doctor has a good reason for asking. Respect that professionalism and get the treatment you need including Levitra.

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Five most common herbal analgesics

Sometimes prescription and over-the-counter medications aren’t the most effective solution for relieving pain. Sure, they are available everywhere and a single pill can help you get rid of most types of pain within a few minutes. However, in some cases there may be contradictions and side effects that will restrict your use of painkiller drugs. And you certainly don’t want to deal with such things when you actually need effective pain relief and you need it fast. Not to mention that some strong analgesics may actually lead to a dependency and you’ll have more problems than just pain to deal with.

However, there are effective alternatives to traditional painkiller solutions and the most popular are of course herbal solutions. Sometimes natural analgesics can be compared in effectiveness to such medications as Tramadol, while being virtually free of the potential side effects you get with prescription drugs.

One of the most effective natural analgesics is Capsaicin. This substance is found in chili peppers and is actually responsible for the famous burning taste of this food. However, Capsaicin is also very effective in reducing the sensitivity of nerves, acting as an analgesic. That’s why this substance is included in a variety of topical solutions and crèmes used for relieving different types of painful sensations. It is especially effective in cases of physical trauma, muscle spasm or sores.

Another famous natural analgesic is white willow bark. It is even nicknamed as herbal aspirin for its universal analgesic effects. Salicin, the substance found in white willow bark, is actually the active ingredient of aspirin, which makes it so effective for all kinds of inflammatory processes and painful sensations.

Turmeric is also a very popular herbal pain relief solution due to its active ingredient, curcumin. This substance is very effective for relieving various types of pain because of its anti-inflammatory effects. Turmeric is the herb responsible for the yellowish hue of the most curry powders. Of course, applying or eating curry for pain relief is not the best idea, since an extract of turmeric is needed to have the right concentration of curcumin for proper pain relief effects. Such extract capsules are available in any pharmacy and can be bought without prescription.

Fish oil also has surprising analgesic properties. When fish oil is digested it is divided into prostaglandins – chemicals that act like hormones providing anti-inflammatory effects. Eating seafood on a regular basis does not provide the right amount of oil, for this you will need cod liver oil that is easily found in just any store. Besides the anti-inflammatory effects, fish oil is very beneficial for other health aspects as well so consuming it on a regular basis is highly recommended.

Ginger is another widely spread herb famous for its anti-inflammatory effects. It can soothe the pain associated with a variety of conditions. Adding a lump of ginger to the teapot will provide a refreshing and relaxing effect, however this tea with also have certain analgesic effects. Ginger extract capsules are also available for more serious painful symptoms.

Of course, if your condition requires such strong analgesics like Tramadol its better to get a prescription. But if your pain is mild you can easily deal with it using these herbal solutions.

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